Aeroplane.



FKPSBDl l u; muwauw PT F J. M. ALLBAS. a Y AERQPLANB'. APPLIOATION FILED MAY3, 1911. 1,015,924. Patented Jan. 30, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

lawmak- COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO.,WASHINGTON, n. c.

J. m. ALLEAS.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY3, 1911.

Patented Jam 30, 1912.

a SHEETS-$3231 2.

IW/e/zfor COLUMBIA PLANOURAPH co.. WASHINGTON. n. c.

2M2 M KUE illlwshtl UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JEAN M. ALLEAS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

AEROPLANE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented J an. 30, 1912.

T all whom it may concern: tend outwardly from opposite sides of the B it k own that I, JE M, ALL a machine. A similar pair of planes is locitizen of th Unit d St t idi t cated beneath the rear plane. It will there- Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State 1 be seen that the ma is Provided 5 of Massachusetts, have invented certain new Wlth 81X s s alnlng planes.

and useful Improvements in Aeroplanes, of n h he planes 19 are located small which the following is a specification. tmhslehse Planes h e ere Provided for This invention has reference to flying mahe P p of maliltalnlng the lateral e chines of the aeroplane type, and it is the h y of the meehlhe, these Planes helhg 10 object of the invention to provide in a ma- PlVOted 31122 to the freht hprlghts and chine of this kind a novel arrangement of h of Seld P n helhg located 011 each t i i l d means f dj tslde of the machlne. The rear ends of the ing the same to maintain the machine in Planes are connected y e 23 to feet i1ib i pedals 2 1 so that they may be tlltedto vary 15 Th i ti l h f it bj t t the angle of incidence. If the machine tilts provide for an adjustment of the planes e one Slde, the P e 21 0n the oppeslte wh b th may b d t serve as a slde of the mach1 ne 1s ad usted to have a parachute to check the descent of the ma greater h fi lheldehee) whereupon the hi i case f id t mach ne 1s r1ghted. By providing these 20 In rd th t th i ti may b b tstabiliz ng planes, 1t 1s not necessary to warp ter understood, reference is had to the acthe melh sustelhlhg Planes. companying drawings forming a part of The tWO t p planes 1'? and 18 are plvotthi ifi ti i hi h ally connected intermediate their front and Figure 1 is a side elevation of the ma- Teal ends SO that rm y he tllted fore 25 chine. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. and and y p o iding tWO f these 3 is a detail view showing the support of P y y be set so as to Operate as the front propeller. Fig. 4 is a similar view PeFeehute t eheek the eeu Of the mashowing the support of the rear propeller. ehlhe- Thls 1S done y tlltlhg the front Fig. 5 is a plan view, partly in section, of end 0f the l plane upwardly and the 80 the parts shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a plan front h the front Plehe downwardly as view of the steering mechanism. Fig. 7 is Shown 1n an elevation of the operating devices of the p P e 17 nd 1 are Carried by steering line. Fig. 8 is an elevation of the rlhs 25 eXteIldlhg fore l and P mechanism for tilting the front planes. t to a Cross h l 2 carrled by the up- 35 Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view showing the g 10 n The b0 tt0m planes 19 main sustaining planes adjusted to form a and 20 are n ed In a slmllar manner and par hut they are connected to the top planes by Referring specifically to the drawings, the rods frame of the machine comprises front and W r planes 19 have a curved 40 rear uprights 10 and 11, respectively, suitwhi h 18 mounted a segmental gear bl b d d t d on h l 12 d 29 meshing with a pinion 30 carried by a conn t d by longitudi l id b 13 t transverse shaft 31 supported in suitable the bottom. Midwaybetween the front and b ngs 11 the uprlghts 10. This gearing rear ends of the machine is located a stand- 18 employed for tilting the front planes, th 45 ard 14 which rises to a suitable height from upper and lower planes being tilted simula cross bar 15 carried by the side bars 13, taneously by reason of the connection 27 and is suitably braced by guy wires. This therebetween. standard and the uprights support a pair Each lower plane 19 is provided with of spaced longitudinal beams 16, which latthe hereindescribed gearing, and the shaft 5 50 ter support the propellers to be presently 31 operates both gears. This shaft carries described. a pulley 32 around which passes a cable 33 The machine has two top transverse which extends downwardly and over a guide planes 17 and 18, respectively, the former pulley 34;, and thence upwardly to a drum being located at the front, and the latter at 35 on which latter it is made fast and 55 the rear. Beneath the front plane are 10- wound. The drum is loosely mounted on a cated two transverse planes 19 which exshaft 36 and is provided with a hand wheel Serial No. 624,748.

37. [The shafts of the pulley 34 and the drum 35 are supported by standards 38 carried by the frame of the machine.

To the front and rear ends of one of the ribs 39 of each bottom plane 20 is fastened the ends of a cable 40 which extends intermediate its ends around a pulley 41 mounted on a shaft 42 carried by the rear upright 11. This shaft is also provided with a pulley 43 around which passes a cable 44 which extends forwardly to a guide pulley 45 loosely mounted on the same shaft as the guide pulley 34. From the pulley 45 the cable extends upwardly and is wound on a drum 46 which is loosely mounted on the same shaft as the drum 35 and has a hand wheel 47. It will be evident from the foregoing that when the drum 46 is rotated, the motion will be transmitted to the shaft 42 through the cable 44, whereupon the rear planes are tilted through the connection of the cable 40 therewith. The top rear plane is tilted simultaneously with the bottom plane by reason of the connections 27 therebetween. The angle of incidence of both sets of planes may therefore be adjusted to properly control the flight of the machine and in case of accident the planes may be set as shown in Fig. 9, in which position they operate as a parachute and serve to check the descent of the machine.

At the rear end of the machine are mounted vertical rudders 48 for controlling the lateral direction thereof. Two of these rudders are employed, they being carried by vertical shafts 49 supported by cross bars 50 mounted on the rear uprights 11. The rudders are connected at one of their ends by a rod 51, and to their other ends are connect-ed the two ends of an operating cable 52 which cross and pass over a pulley 53 as shown in Fig. 6, and then extend forwardly and over a pulley 54 loosely mounted on the shaft of the pulleys 34 and 45, from which pulley 54 the cable extends upwardly to and is Wound around a drum 55 loosely mounted on the same shaft as the drums 35 and 46, said drum 55 also being provided with a hand wheel 56.

The machine is driven by two propellers 57 and 58, respectively, the former being located in front, and the latter in the rear. The propellers are right and left handed, respectively, and are driven in opposite directions. Separate driving means are provided, the same comprising motors 59 and 60, respectively, the former driving the front propeller and the latter the rear propeller. By providing a separate motor for each propeller, the machine can be kept under control in case of accident to one of the propellers or motors, and it would then not be necessary to descend by gliding. The motors are internal-combustion engines.

In order to facilitate the ascent of the machine, the propellers are arranged so that they can be adjusted to extend at different angles to the horizontal, which adjustment is effected by the following means: The shaft 61 of the front propeller is supported in bearings 62 formed on one side of a disk 63. A cross-piece 64 connects the bearings, and said cross-piece is formed with a trun nion 65 which is journaled in one of the longitudinal beams 16. From the other side of the disk 63 extends a trunnion 66 which is in axial alinement with the trunnion 65 and is journaled in the other longi tudinal beam 16. On the trunnion 65 is made fast a worm gear 67, and on said trunnion is also loosely mounted a beveled spur wheel 68. The propeller shaft 61 has a beveled pinion 69 which is in mesh with the spur wheel 68. The engine shaft 70 is connected by a universal joint 71 to a shaft 7 2 which carries a beveled pinion 7 3 meshing with the spur wheel 68. The worm gear 67 is in mesh with a worm 74 carried by a shaft 75 provided with a hand wheel 76. The mot-ion of the shaft 7 2 is transmitted to the propeller shaft 61 through the gears 73, 68 and 69. The angular adjustment of the propellers is effected by operating the shaft 75, whereupon, through the worm gearing, the trunnion 66 is rotated, and as said trunnion is carried by the disk 63, the bearings 62 of the propeller shaft are swung in'a direction to change the angle of the propeller shaft with respect to the horizontal.

The shaft 77 of the rear propeller is mounted in substantially the same manner as the shaft of the front propeller, with the except-ion that the worm shaft is positioned and operated in a difi'erent manner. The worm shaft 75 already described extends horizontally and has a hand wheel 76. The worm shaft 78 for adjusting the rear propeller is arranged vertically and has a sprocket wheel 79 which is connected by a sprocket chain 80 to a sprocket wheel 81 on a vertical shaft 82 supported by the beams 16, and having its lower end fitted with a hand wheel 83. The beams 16 also carry seats 84 and 85, respectively, for operators, the seat 84 being located adjacent to the hand wheel 76, and the seat 85 adjacent to the hand wheel 88. The several hand wheels which control the planes and the rudder are located adjacent to the seat 84. The drive shaft 86 of the rear propeller is connected by a sprocket and chain gearing 87 to the shaft 88 of the rear motor 60.

I claim:

In an aeroplane, a supporting frame, pivoted front and rear sustaining planes at the top of said frame, pivoted bottom planes extending from opposite sides of the frame at the front and rear thereof and located beneath the topplanes, said top and bottom man I \wue ing transverse of the direction of flight, and 10 means for independently tilting the stabilizing planes.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JEAN M. ALLEAS.

planes and their pivotal axes being transverse of the direction of flight, a connection between the top and bottom front planes and between the top and bottom rear planes, means for independently tilting the front and rear planes, pivoted stabilizing planes extending from opposite sides of the frame beneath the front bottom planes, said stabilizing planes and their pivotal axes be- Vitnesses:

ELMER C. RICHARDSON, LOUISE C. ARENTZEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

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